Why is Data Center Cleaning Relevant for current Data Center Standards?

Q&A with Jason Roth, owner of SET3 (Sterile Environment Technologies, Inc. – www.set3.com):

Why is Data Center Cleaning Relevant for current Data Center Standards?

Since there are static, particulate, network signals and heat sources in the Data Center that can cause disastrous catastrophic loss of uptime to companies, cause fires and Indoor Air Pollution - there are several standards that help keep these environments safe including: ASHRAE, Federal Stan 209e, ISO, NFPA, RFI, HFI and IEST Standards [each one of those link to their respective websites].

Most equipment manufacturers have included standards for microscopic particle limits as well. Many of the warranty returns and faulty products have been linked to contamination at microscopic levels in the data centers where the equipment was installed or housed. Risk of loss and reputation has forced server manufacturers to confirm compliance of air particle, surface particle and static standards before they will install or warranty equipment within a facility.

Chart I: Equipment Manufacturers Statements on Contamination

IBM INSTALLATION MANUAL Publication GC22-7072-1	"If your site is unusually dirty or has a chemical odor, you should be concerned. Dirt and corrosive gases can cause corrosion and possible equipment damage. The building floor should be sealed to prevent dusting of concrete."
AMDAHL PHYSICAL PLANNING MANUAL Publication MM-108334-010	"Environmental conditions for the room environment must be maintained within the acceptable limits to prevent adverse impact on performance and reliability. Electronic equipment is sensitive to air contaminants such as ferrous metal slivers, dirt fibers, and concrete particulate from unsealed concrete. Cement should be sealed to prevent the generation of particles."
UNISYS INSTALLATION MANUAL Publication MA5227	"The quantity of dust in the air must no exceed 0.39 gram/1000m 3[0.03grain/1000ft3] maximum. The specifications for dust pollutants as per United states Federal Standard 209b.The primary floor must be poured concrete that has been sealed to provide dust and humidity control."
MMEMOREX ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS Publication 9885-4920	"In order to assure reliability operation of the HDA and its filter system, the size and type of airborne particles must be controlled. The computer room should meet or exceed Federal Standard 209E.The subfloor area must be cleaned and sealed prior to equipment installation"

In  a data center, what needs to be cleaned (Internal components, cases, equipment, floors, etc.)?

 Although there are many benchmark levels and consistent building specs followed by most data centers – every datacenters has unique operations, equipment and personnel circumstances. Some centers have human operators in the room all the time everyday, while others have almost no human traffic - whereas a portion of centers have equipment that emits high amount of belt debris or hydrocarbons and others do not. Every surface should be cleaned in a maintenance schedule that works for the type of surface and frequency of particle recontamination.  In a data center the typical surfaces cleaned on a regular basis are:

·  Exterior of the equipment (servers, computers, screens, silos, etc)

·  Cabinets and racks

·  ceiling plenum (including all elements from conduit to wires)

·  Top of Floors

·  Stringer / pedestal system

·  Interior of computers, servers, tape libraries, etc (occasional)

The main concern in determining what to clean and the frequency of cleaning your data center is your air system and human operations as a  data center. SET3 tests 8 data points on every full service clean including air particle counts, surface contamination and more according to ISO Standard 14644-1 through 9, WHO a& ASHRAE to help you confirm a tailored schedule to fit your operations.

Can readers perform some or all cleaning tasks themselves?

 In house janitorial services for normal office buildings are usually supplied by a contractor or in-house employees that are typically not trained for this type of cleaning / decontamination work. Common janitorial cleaning chemicals, equipment and wax may make the data center look great now - but they will create chemical and physical transformations at microscopic levels causing corrosion, rust, static, overheating and hundreds of other problems leading to eventual downtime.

Since there are static, particulate, network signals and heat sources in the Data Center that can cause disastrous catastrophic loss of uptime to companies, cause fires, Indoor Air Pollution and more - there are several standards that help keep these environments safe including: ASHRAE, Federal Stan 209e, ISO, NFPA, RFI, HFI and IEST Standards.  Keeping up with the latest training, standards, protocol, benchmarks and equipment is no easy task, and I definitely don't recommend trying to manage that kind of a program in-house in most circumstances.

SET3 crews have been expertly trained and certified on how to measure unseen particles to clean, on different types of chemical's influences on charged/uncharged ESD surfaces and understand the science of decontamination - and our technicians have the tools to remove these influences safely. If a janitor cannot understand the science of the unseen, cannot test for accuracy of particle/static removal, doesn't understand static energy dynamics or how equipment and power in a data center works - they are missing the very basics of what is needed to clean your environment. There are hundreds of factors that a Data Center Cleaning Technician must be trained in - or they can cause downtime.

In what instances is professional cleaning a necessity?

Every commercial building needs professional cleaning services - however, any controlled environment needs controlled environment specialists - not just a professional cleaner.  The science used to clean in a data center is unique and cannot be replaced with common janitorial cleaning.

How does a customer get started in terms of finding the right data center cleaning service and then actually initiating the cleaning process?

There are several things that differentiate data center cleaners from common janitorial - so if you are looking for a company to clean your data center you would need to focus on the points a janitor wouldn't know when interviewing.  Many janitorial companies claim to do data center cleaning - so it is common that you will have to weed through some unqualified vendors.

A few questions that may help this process:

1.  Are you trained to certify air class cleanliness according to ISO 14644 and provide us a certificate at the end of the job?

2.  Can you confirm static pressure and provide velocity testing if needed while cleaning?

3.  Is your equipment certified for ISO class 8 (or better) environments?

These questions only represent an extremely small portion of the basic ability a data center cleaning company should have - but these questions cannot typically be answered and described by a common professional janitor. Weeding out the unqualified vendors is the most important step, as they can unknowingly cause downtime and degradation to your data center.

The next step is to have a solid MOP (Method of Procedures) for your data center cleaning.  The MOP should include standards that must be followed - that way the company is contractually obligated to follow proper methodology or not to participate.

Also, it is always important to get references from reputable companies that have experienced the services from the data center cleaning company you are considering.  Any reputable data center cleaning company will be able to provide a list of contacts you can call - not just past letters of commendation.

In essence, what all goes into cleaning a data center? Can you provide a brief overview of the process?

Cleaning data centers means facilitating uptime through particle, static and residue removal at microscopic levels. Subfloor cleaning, access floor surface cleaning, server and cabinet rack cleaning,construction phase cleaning, ceiling and wall cleaning, and interior electronics decontamination are a few of our popular support services.

Proper Cleaning for Sensitive Surfaces

SET3 cleans and maintains all types of data center surfaces – including equipment, cable trays, ceilings, walls, floors, subfloors and more. From ESD conductive floors to raised floor tiles, our crews are experienced in using the proper cleaning methods, chemicals and equipment to properly care for all of your sensitive surfaces in the data center using certified GREEN equipment.

SET3 technicians are trained to work in live Data Center environments, safely. Data center cleaning requires removing gross contamination (5 microns) as well as unseen particles (.5 microns), which could harm sensitive server, network and data storage equipment. That’s what we do, and we’re one of the best in the world at it.

Identifying Contaminates

SET3 technicians are trained according to ISO 14644, ASHRAE TC9, World Health Organization, and the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technologies to help test & identify sources of contaminates during our cleaning services in your data center, ISP, Network, control Room or other critical environment. If indications of source contamination are in a high risk category, SET3 managers can provide options for laboratory testing to confirm specific contamination identification and provide current contamination levels to help you decide if remediation is necessary. SET3 is committed to providing you with the information you need to run a safe low-risk Data Center.

Maintenance Programs

Our comprehensive Full Service Clean (FSC) is a complete deep cleaning that removes particles from surfaces and the air at .3 microns – as required by ISO 14644. This service is typically done once a quarter to once per year depending on the condition of the facility and filtration and amount of traffic in and out. Our Maintenance Programs are daily weekly or monthly cleanings provided according to ISO 14644 to keep dust, static and particle levels under control following best practices according to industry standards. We provide maximum accountability and up-time for your facility. Our clients stand by us year after year due to our flexible scheduling, no surprise up-charges, and highly-trained local crews. 

How often should a data center be cleaned? Are there rules of thumb for equipment, floors, etc.?

 Some Data Centers reduce risk by having day-to-day, weekly or monthly dust maintenance program with our DataCneter Cleaning Technicians – while others set up a maintenance program on a quarterly, semi-annual or yearly basis. Among typical data centers with low foot traffic and up to code with the latest equipment, air and building technologies – a good baseline is as follows:

Minimum Frequency Recommendations for newer low traffic data centers:

Type	Description	Quarterly	2 X per year	Annually
Subfloor Plenum Cleaning	Cleaning, inspection of source of contaminates / building structure and air quality testing		X
Top of Access Floors	ULPA and anti-static cleaning leaning of the top of conductive access floor tiles	X
VCT Strip and non-conductive Coating (if applicable)	Removing the ESD Coating using antistatic HEPA filtered equipment and chemicals and recoating with a fresh ESD protection Layer			X
Ceiling Plenum	Cleaning the plenum in the ceiling between the drop ceiling tiles and the roof			X
Equipment / Cabinet Exterior Cleaning	Cleaning of the Exterior of the equipment / equipment cabinets	X
Interior Server / Equipment Cleaning	Ionized antistatic cleaning of the interior of servers			X

There are other surfaces in a data center that may need cleaning also. this list is a basic schedule (rule of thumb).

What are the costs associated with data center cleaning?

The data center cleaning should be a turn key cost based on an agreed scope before the job.  The customer should take into account that they will need to bypass the fire suppression system and provide an on-site contact during the service.  For some data centers, these two things can sometimes mean internal costs.  For example, the bypass system is sometimes regulated by an outside fire protection firm, and they may charge for a visit to bypass the system.

- Jon Alcorn, business development with American Eagle Systems (www.americaneaglesys.com), says:

All data center environments, from the 100 square foot telco room to the 500,000 square foot raised floor research lab, require specialized cleaning.  If a janitorial firm is being used to service these critical areas, they may be potentially doing more harm than good by using products that create chemical and physical transformations at microscopic levels causing corrosion, rust, static, overheating and hundreds of other problems that can lead to downtime. 

It is imperative that the proper cleaning methods, chemicals and equipment are being utilized to properly care for all of the sensitive surfaces in the datacenter.  An experienced data center cleaning partner will offer numerous programs, including such services as sub-floor cleaning, concrete sealing, access floor cleaning, vinyl floor anti-static waxing, belt debris remediation, interior electronics detail cleaning, and post construction cleans. 

Why Clean Your Datacenter?

• Reduce electrostatic discharge, which can cause dust fires and serious damage to servers and other network and storage equipment.
• Promote a more efficient use of critical hardware intake and ventilation systems
• Reduce downtime risk due to particle buildup on circuit boards, servers and all other air cooled equipment
• Minimize the opportunity for dust to agglomerate inside disk drives to avoid read/write errors and head crashes
• Improve the indoor air quality of the data center and promote employee health

Budget constraints are always an issue, but the cost of preventative maintenance is a more acceptable cost than that of system downtime.  Detecting and preventing environmental threats to a data center is made even easier when your cleaning provider offers extensive environmental reporting.  A report would include information on air particle monitoring, sub-floor plenum, ferrous metal tests, microbial tests, black light subfloor contaminant testing, vapor barrier inspection, temperature and humidity tests, airflow quality, inspection of equipment, and access floor surface static-dissipative quality tests.   

All sites are different, and cleaning programs can be performed daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly or yearly.  Data center managers may also want the area cleaned during off hours, and so your cleaning partner should be available to work at any time, any day of the week and be able to provide references upon request.

Data centers and clean rooms have unique dynamics and operations that are not found elsewhere in normal commercial building applications.  By ensuring that only trained cleaning specialists are maintaining these critical environments, and by adopting a pro-active cleaning program, data center managers can ensure they are meeting the Federal and ISO standards for data center cleanliness.

Implementing A Data Center Cleaning Program

Hector Gallardo, senior account manager at Plenum Cleaning Services (www.plenumcleaning.com), says:

Implementing a data center cleaning program on a quarterly, bi-annual or annual basis as preventative maintenance is as essential as preventative maintenance on hardware and equipment. There are countless types and amounts of contaminants that can hinder the operating efficiencies of the hardware and equipment as well as the high pressure laminate access floor within a data center and often times can result in hardware malfunction and costly system downtime.  In addition, improper maintenance on high pressure laminate access floors as well as vinyl composition tile floors with in a data center will result in costly damage and premature aging.

Decontaminating a data center in accordance with ISO Standard 14644 (Class 100,000 .05 micron particles per cubic foot of atmosphere) has the following benefits:

1)      Elimination of harmful contaminants and debris that can clog the cooling airways on hardware and equipment that can result in hardware malfunction or thermal shutdown

2)      Elimination of dust, pollen, mold, bacteria and airborne particles with a size of 0.12 microns or larger resulting in improved air quality and density

3)      Reduced static electricity in the data center

4)      Improved hardware and equipment operating efficiencies

5)      It prolongs the life of the high pressure laminate floor, vinyl composition tile floor, hardware and equipment

6)      It improves aesthetics

Data center and IT managers should care about the data center cleaning because they can reduce or eliminate potential costly downtime associated with thermal shutdown or system malfunction due to dust and debris in the cooling airways, exhaust fans and circuit boards as well as static electricity. 

Data center cleaning should rank high on the priority list because it’s an essential preventative maintenance function that can eliminate potential system malfunction and costly downtime as well as increase the performance and lifetime of the high pressure laminate floor and equipment.  A professional data center cleaning company is an extra set of eyes that will inspect the data center, especially the plenum as they provide the service and report any potential hazards such as heavy rust, bare wires, uncovered electrical junction boxes, frayed cables, zinc whiskers, etc.

The biggest challenges for data center and IT managers in regards to data center cleaning include:

1)      Differentiating between janitorial services and data center services

2)      Justifying the costs

3)      Locating an experienced professional data center cleaning company

4)      Understanding the benefits of properly maintaining the data center by performing scheduled preventative maintenance cleaning services

The data center and IT managers can overcome these challenges by consulting an experienced professional data center cleaning company that can answer their questions, provide them a cleaning demonstration and customize a cleaning schedule to meet their business and budgetary needs.

The best advice that I would give a data center and IT managers that have a plethora of similar solutions to choose from would be to:

1)      Ask and check for customer references

2)      Ask for a cleaning demonstration (hardware, equipment, access floor, plenum, cable trays, etc.)

3)      Ask for a Scope of Work

4)      Ensure that the data center cleaning company is not using un-trained temporary employees

5)      Ask for a customer satisfaction guarantee

6)      Ask as many questions as you feel necessary

Additional Information

There is a significant difference in janitorial cleaning and data center cleaning that includes the type of equipment, materials, cleaning technique and insurance.  As a result, the pricing is significantly different because of the amount of labor hours involved as well as the cost of the equipment, materials and insurance.  In order to mitigate risk, professional data center cleaning companies should not introduce liquid or machines that require liquid to operate in to the data center.  

The Next Energy-Saving No-Brainer: Filtration

- Rob Goodfellow, vice president of marketing at Dynamic Air Quality Solutions (www.dynamicaqs.com), says:

Managers interested in conserving energy and operating costs have probably already replaced old incandescent light bulbs with new energy-saving bulbs. So what’s next? It’s not as obvious as lighting, but it can be just as helpful to the bottom line: filtration. Especially in data center environments where tiny unseen particles can cause damage to expensive hardware.

For an industry that often requires millions of dollars to maintain supercomputers utilizing only the most cutting-edge technology, it takes surprisingly little to destroy a data center facility: Poor Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is at the top of the list. Poor IAQ systems can also be the largest detriment to operational expenses. Dynamic Air Quality Solutions V8 Air Cleaning Systems are an ideal solution for data centers, ensuring they no longer need to choose between air quality and efficiency.

According to a new report from Pike Research, the decision to lower costs by improving efficiency is a popular one for data centers, especially as energy prices continue to rise. The report indicates that the investment in greener data centers will experience rapid growth over the next five years, increasing from $7.5 billion in global revenue to $41.4 billion by 2015, or about 28 percent of the total data center market. Data center managers looking to grow and move with the trending market can do so comfortably with Dynamic Air Cleaners.

Historically, filter efficiency has been at odds with energy efficiency. This is not the case today. Dynamic Air Cleaners have the ability to improve IAQ and reduce electricity costs simultaneously by reducing fan energy through a lower system static pressure drop (resistance to airflow). The higher the pressure drop, the harder the HVAC system motor works to deliver the required air flow. A reduction in static pressure drop has a tremendous impact on energy costs. Filter media like those used in the Dynamic V8 Air Cleaning System produce pressure drops that are far lower than high-efficiency passive filters, while still maintaining high dust loading capacities. In the case of the Dynamic V8, it also means measuring filter change-out intervals in years instead of months. That’s a lot of operational savings.

“The tradeoff has always been between better air quality and more energy use,” said Duke Wiser, president of Dynamic Air Quality Solutions. “We design Dynamic Air Cleaners so a choice no longer has to be made. Our air cleaners use two-thirds less energy, require less maintenance and provide the highest level of indoor air quality available to protect data center assets and components, keeping them running efficiently.”

Decontaminating Your Data Center: A Plethora of Benefits

- Hector Gallardo, Senior Account Manager at Plenum Cleaning Services (www.plenumcleaning.com), says:

Data center cleaning is useful in today’s enterprise data centers for several reasons. Decontaminating a data center in accordance with ISO Standard 14644 (Class 100,000 .05 micron particles per cubic foot of atmosphere) has the following benefits:

1. It eliminates harmful contaminants and debris that can clog the hardware and equipment cooling airways resulting in hardware malfunction or thermal shutdown
2. It improves the air density in the data center and removes dust, pollen, mold, bacteria and airborne particles with a size of 0.12 microns or larger
3. It reduces the static electricity in the data center
4. It improves the hardware and equipment operating efficiencies
5. It prolongs the life of the high pressure laminate floor and equipment
6. It improves aesthetics

Data center and IT managers should care about the data center cleaning because they can reduce or eliminate potential costly downtime associated with thermal shutdown or system malfunction due to dust and debris in the cooling airways, exhaust fans and circuit boards as well as static electricity.

Data center cleaning should rank high on the priority list because it’s an essential preventative maintenance function that can eliminate potential system malfunction and costly downtime as well as increase the performance and lifetime of the high pressure laminate floor and equipment. A professional data center cleaning company is an extra set of eyes that will inspect the data center, especially the plenum as they provide the service and report any potential hazards such as heavy rust, bare wires, uncovered electrical junction boxes, frayed cables, etc.

The biggest challenges for data center and IT managers in regards to data center cleaning include:

1. Differentiating between janitorial services and data center services
2. Justifying the costs
3. Locating an experienced professional data center cleaning company
4. Understanding the benefits of properly maintaining the data center by performing scheduled preventative maintenance cleaning services

The data center and IT managers can overcome these challenges by consulting an experienced professional data center cleaning company that can answer their questions, provide them a cleaning demonstration and customize a cleaning schedule to meet their business and budgetary needs.

The best advice that I would give a data center and IT managers that have a plethora of similar solutions to choose from would be to:

1. Ask and check for customer references
2. Ask for a demonstration
3. Ask for a Scope of Work
4. Ensure that the data center cleaning company is not using un-trained temporary employees
5. Ask for a customer satisfaction guarantee
6. Ask as many questions as you feel necessary

Additional Information
There is a significant difference in janitorial cleaning and data center cleaning that includes the type of equipment, materials, cleaning technique and insurance. As a result, the pricing is significantly different because of the amount of labor hours involved as well as the cost of the equipment, materials and insurance. In order to mitigate risk, professional data center cleaning companies should not introduce liquid or machines that require liquid to operate in to the data center.